How to make a round stopper for a tap hole

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1. Wind turbine in-house Fig. 1. Two-bladed wind power unit: 1 – windmill; 2 – reducer; 3 – generator; 4 – support; 5 – tail; 6 – post; 7 – extensions; 8 – the lever. Correctly made windy unit...
2. Reproduction of bee colonies Natural swarming of bees. In natural conditions, the increase in the number of families occurs by digestion. Swarming is a manifestation of the instinct of reproduction of a bee family. The swarming is as follows....
3. Diseases of adult bees The most common diseases of adult bees are caused by parasites; most pathogens of these diseases have microscopic dimensions (for example, the causative agent of nosematosis), but there are also visible by a simple eye...
4. Hibernation of bees Properly organized bee hibernation is one of the most important tasks in beekeeping. A good winter is considered to be a wintering, in which not only there is no escape of bee colonies or corn...
5. Wax Economic importance of wax The value of beeswax for the national economy is extremely large. Thanks to a number of valuable properties, beeswax is the most important raw material for the socialist industry, and is...
6. Work on an apiary at the end of a bribe and making nests for a winter Before the end of the honey collection, it is necessary to immediately begin to organize the hives and prevent the theft of bees, which can occur when the bribe breaks. Measures against the attack of...
7. Keeping the bees in working order In the bee families exhibited in January in the hothouse, a lot of broods appear in a week. To grow it you need honey, perga and water. In search of food, bees come into active...
8. How do bees talk to each other? The previous chapters talked about training, which allows you to get some data about the feelings of bees. The prerequisite for such experiments is that the bees we want to train come to our experimental...
9. Methods of increasing the amount of wax from bee colonies In the system of measures to increase the waxy products of the apiary, timely nest change is very important. This method is widely used by many beekeepers. However, the timely replacement of nests, being the...
10. Wine-growing plant for precious rubbish What is planned to receive from the felling areas are trees aged from one hundred to one hundred and twenty years with a size of “waist” of a third of a meter or more. Transported...
11. Sense of smell and taste in bees A person likes to talk about his “five senses,” although science has long established that, in addition to a sense of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch, there are also some other feelings that correspond...
12. Ukrainian hive First a bit of history. With the introduction of PI Prokopovich (1814), and then L. Langstroth (1851) and L. Berleps (1852) into the practice of apiculture in beekeeping, the efforts of researchers and beekeepers-practitioners were...
13. Celestial compass of bees The Vikings had no idea of ​​the compass. In distant wanderings across the ocean, they were guided by the sun, moon and stars. With the orientation you can use the heavenly bodies in two ways,...
14. Wheelless platforms Transporting the apiary to honey collection with minimal manual labor during loading and unloading of hives can be done using wheelless platform-selfloading trucks, transported by trucks or cars. The length and width of the mobile...
15. External structure of the bee’s body Outer cover. Bees, like all insects, do not have an internal bone skeleton, which in vertebrate animals represents the basis and support of the whole body. Instead of the internal skeleton, bees have a hard...
16. Beekeeping stock Fig. Equipment for the care of bees: 1 – facial mesh; 2 – smoke apiary DP; 3 – therapeutic smoke DPL; 4 – chisel of the apiary SPM; 5 – working box-stool; 6 – box...
17. The content of bees in hives-loungers Only strong bee colonies are biologically full and most productive in honey and wax. They are always ready to use any, even short-term bribes. Therefore, the methods of taking care of bees and their contents...
18. Collection of honey and pollen in the forests (forest meadows) The common walnut is a shrub up to 7 m in height, with simple regular oval sheets. Stamen flowers in dangling cylindrical earrings, without perianth, with four split stamens. Common hazel throughout the territory. Hazel...
19. How to remove the skin from a rabbit Meat of rabbits is very valuable. It is more, tender, lean and easily digestible, light pink in color. It tastes like turkey meat. The content of proteins is dominated by lamb, pork, beef. In rabbit...
20. Hive Currently, almost all bee colonies of Ukrainian apiaries are kept in so-called frame hives. In these hives each honeycomb is enclosed in a rectangular wooden frame, which can be freely removed and inserted back into...
21. Blocker of the upper tap Change the size of the hole of the upper tap with the help of various attachments: cork, ventilation mesh, grill for the passage of bees, etc. This is inconvenient and takes a lot of time....
22. Cleaning of nests and disinfection of hives When cleaning the hive, brown spots are especially carefully scraped – traces of diarrhea during wintering. These spots can serve as a source of spores of a dangerous disease of adult bees – nosematosis. Carefully...
23. Glazed honey biscuits Dough products: 250 g of rye flour, 300 g of white wheat flour, 250 g of honey, 20 g of ammonium, 100 g of sugar, 4 eggs. For glaze: 2 egg whites, 200 grams of...
24. Withdrawal of queens In farms that have strong bee colonies, early supporting honey harvest and late main bribes, which allow obtaining more marketable honey, they practice early withdrawal of queens. Since there will be no drones in early...
25. The eyes of the bees and their ability to see If the reader ever had breakfast at a village in the air, there is honey, then probably the bees attracted by the honey smell were also on the table. In this case, you can always...
26. Bee baby The young, just hatched chicken – the creature is in many respects underdeveloped, but in general it is very similar to the parents. He, like them, already has wings, legs and eyes. And out of...
27. Diseases of the brood The foulbrood. The term “foulbrood” refers to the infectious diseases of the brood of the bee family, accompanied by rotting in different stages of development. Diseases of all three bee colonies are affected, and the...
28. Schemes of pollen catchers Receiving pollen from plants or pergs from honeycombs is a very laborious process. You can get the pollen already collected by bees, by selecting their updates from the tap when returning to the hive. Practical...
29. Use of a bribe About the main bribe. The time when the largest number of honey-plants blooming, giving bees abundant prey to nectar, is called the main bribe. The duration and abundance of the bribe depends on many factors:...
30. Winterers In order for families to leave the hibernation without a retreat and without significant debris of bees, healthy and with a dry, non-moldy nest, a good, modern winter queen is needed, in which it is...
31. Change of two-year-old queens The work is carried out on June 5-8, during the flowering period of gardens and yellow acadia, in order to eliminate swarming and the simultaneous replacement of two-year-old queens in half of the families. In...
32. Protection of bees from poisoning To obtain sustainable high yields of hothouse crops, pest and plant diseases are controlled using pesticides. Pesticides used in greenhouses are classified by action: – on contact – cause the death of insects when they...
33. Apiary equipment and equipment Portable multi-operation stand The use of typical machine tools, which has significant dimensions and cost, not every apiary is available. To facilitate carpentry, a portable small-sized stand design has been developed, which can be moved...
34. Transportation of bees The work begins with the development of a calendar plan for the use of bees for pollination of crops. Then they get acquainted with the basic methods of using bees on pollination of plants, taking...
35. Marking a pipe with a hole from a triangle With a simple device, it is possible to cut the pipe accurately at any angle to its longitudinal axis. The pipeline approached the place where the trench turned to the side. The pipe is steel....
36. Bumblebees Now let’s talk about bumblebees, insects, which completely completed the transition to a social lifestyle. Bumblebee State. Despite its awkward appearance, bumblebees along the external and internal structure have so much in common with bees...
37. The first spring inspection of bees All families that seemed unsuccessful in flying around are noted. Do not postpone for tomorrow, they need to be inspected immediately after the flight, otherwise brazen families may die. The purpose of the first inspection...
38. Swarming of the bees in the apiary After the change of overwintered bees to young, the number of births increases rapidly. In the bee family, which reached 7-9 frames of brood, the mass of bees increases every day. Even the maximum egg...
39. Hive feeders Of all the variety of feeders proposed and described in the literature for bees, we will focus only on those that meet the requirements to the greatest extent. A wooden feeder placed above the frame...
40. Shower on the nomad During the migrations most of the work of the beekeeper must be performed in hot weather. And no matter how easy his clothes are, there is still a secretion of sweat, which excites and angers...