The formation of bee venom

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1. External structure of the bee’s body Outer cover. Bees, like all insects, do not have an internal bone skeleton, which in vertebrate animals represents the basis and support of the whole body. Instead of the internal skeleton, bees have a hard...
2. Internal structure of the bee’s body Muscles. The bee can produce a variety of movements: crawl, fly, bend the abdomen and sting, clean the antennae, perform various kinds of work – collect nectar and pollen, build honeycombs, etc. In addition, the...
3. Dressing hides Of course, at home it is difficult to have excellent results when dressing heavy (7-20 kg) skins taken from a cow or a bull, an elk or a wild boar. Therefore, we will confine ourselves...
4. Selection of poison in apiaries As is known, neither scientists nor practitioners have yet come to a common opinion about acceptable methods of poison selection, that is, the optimal location of the sampling devices in the hives, the frequency of...
5. Reproduction of bee colonies Natural swarming of bees. In natural conditions, the increase in the number of families occurs by digestion. Swarming is a manifestation of the instinct of reproduction of a bee family. The swarming is as follows....
6. Making poison with bees The bee under the tip of the abdomen has a special protective device with a very complex structure: glands for making poison, a reservoir (bubble) for the accumulation of poison and a sting for insertion...
7. Reproduction and development of bees Growth and development of the bee family under favorable conditions of the environment (plenty of food, proper temperature, etc.) is provided by all three forms of individuals: the uterus, working bees and drones, but their...
8. Distribution of work in the bee hive We have already said that in the bee family there is a distribution of work. Some care for cleanliness, others look after the brood, build honeycombs or get food. Some researchers try to draw an...
9. Diseases of adult bees The most common diseases of adult bees are caused by parasites; most pathogens of these diseases have microscopic dimensions (for example, the causative agent of nosematosis), but there are also visible by a simple eye...
10. Nervous system, sense organs and behavior of bees Every living organism exists in changing environmental conditions and is able to adapt to these conditions. The existence of an organism without its interaction with the external environment is impossible. A living organism is capable...
11. Wax Economic importance of wax The value of beeswax for the national economy is extremely large. Thanks to a number of valuable properties, beeswax is the most important raw material for the socialist industry, and is...
12. If you were bitten by a bee To neutralize the poison of bees when stinging various means are suggested. Many of them are ineffective, and some (wet earth, clay, etc.) are even harmful, since they can cause tetanus or blood infection. The...
13. The eyes of the bees and their ability to see If the reader ever had breakfast at a village in the air, there is honey, then probably the bees attracted by the honey smell were also on the table. In this case, you can always...
14. A solution for dressing skins Rabbit For 3 liters of water a tablespoon of salt and detergent. For 3 liters of warm water on a tablespoon of salt, washing powder, a glass of vinegar. In both cases, soak the skins...
15. How do bees talk to each other? The previous chapters talked about training, which allows you to get some data about the feelings of bees. The prerequisite for such experiments is that the bees we want to train come to our experimental...
16. Hibernation of bees Properly organized bee hibernation is one of the most important tasks in beekeeping. A good winter is considered to be a wintering, in which not only there is no escape of bee colonies or corn...
17. Determination of the content of honey pads Equipment and utensils: marching laboratories for determination of admixture of honey paddies, pad determinant, salt cellars with lids, glass sticks (sharpened at one end), chemical test tubes, 10 ml graduated, muffle furnace, desiccator, analytical balance....
18. Digestion of pollen by bees Bees feed on pollen unevenly throughout life. In the early days. after leaving the cell, the bee eats a lot, which causes the midgut to increase greatly: the intestine volume from 6.7 mm3 increases to...
19. Care of bees in greenhouses Bees, depending on their breed, when examining the nest react differently. Southern bees are very peaceful. Nests can be examined without a facial mesh, and sometimes even without smoke. Central Russian bees are covetous, and...
20. Feeding base of beekeeping and measures to expand and improve it For successful development and high productivity of beekeeping, as well as any branch of animal husbandry, a powerful and stable fodder base is necessary. The feeding base of beekeeping is honey plants of field crop...
21. Determination of the suitability of honeydew honey for the wintering of bees Determine the suitability of honey for the wintering of bees can be one of the following ways. Lime reaction. First prepare the lime water. To do this, the glass jar is half filled with ordinary...
22. Species and breeds of bees Biological science, creatively developed by scientists, teaches that the entire animal and plant world, all living nature consists of separate groups of animals and plants, called species. There are many similarities between close species, which...
23. Inversion of sucrose The main component of nectar is sucrose. It is a complex sugar that is not absorbed through the walls of the intestine into the blood either from the bee or from the person. But in...
24. Sense of smell and taste in bees A person likes to talk about his “five senses,” although science has long established that, in addition to a sense of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch, there are also some other feelings that correspond...
25. Cosmetics Cleopatra In the life of the whole organism, water, salt, protein, hydrogen and fat metabolism are of great importance. Skin plays a significant role in all types of exchange. After all, and this is of particular...
26. Nectar toxicosis of bees Nectar toxicosis is an infectious disease, mainly bee-gatherers, caused by poisonous nectar. Causes of the disease. When collecting flowers, bees are poisoned by the poisonous nectar of some plants. Poisonous nectar is distinguished by the...
27. Poisonous or drunk honey Poisonous, or “drunk”, honey is known since ancient times. Ancient Greek commander and writer Xenophon of Athens in the historical narrative “Anabasis” (Retreat of 10 thousand Greeks from Asia Minor) dwells in detail on the...
28. Bee baby The young, just hatched chicken – the creature is in many respects underdeveloped, but in general it is very similar to the parents. He, like them, already has wings, legs and eyes. And out of...
29. Treatment with oxalic acid Reports on the use of oxalic acid vapors in varroatosis caused the response of beekeepers. They offer their devices and devices as evaporators. Many proposals deserve attention, and some are not without serious shortcomings. The...
30. Cream for dry skin with wax So, hypocrisy in matters of cosmetics is completely superfluous; Apply decorative cosmetic means in many cases is advisable, but it must be done cleverly. Someone has a completely false idea of ​​the so-called cosmetic means....
31. Getting bee venom Young bee-toiler, just emerged from its waxy cradle, almost devoid of bee venom. Gradually, the stock of poison increases and the bee of the 2-week-old reaches its maximum number. An original method for obtaining bee...
32. Life of a bee family In order to properly and effectively manage the life and activities of bee colonies in order to increase their productivity and maximize the use of bees for pollinating many crops, the beekeeper must know not...
33. The philanthropist or the bee-wolf The philanthos triangu-lum F. is a strong and very mobile single earth wasp that, in the adult insect stage, is nourished by the flower nectar or the goiter of the bee-gatherers, and in the larval...
34. Enemies and diseases of bees The well-being of a bee family can be endangered, because it easily excites the greed of various gourmets. The bee colonies would have disappeared long ago from the face of the Earth if they had...
35. Functions of the proboscis and honey beetles of the bee To collect and bring nectar to the hive of bees, as well as in other insects (Hymenoptera), feeding on nectar, in the course of evolution have developed very sophisticated organs: proboscis licking-sucking type that bees...
36. Search for food by bees The search and collection of food by bees are associated with their flights. The bee, devoid of wings, perishes. The bee has two pairs of well-developed wings; on each side of the body there is...
37. Wind turbine in-house Fig. 1. Two-bladed wind power unit: 1 – windmill; 2 – reducer; 3 – generator; 4 – support; 5 – tail; 6 – post; 7 – extensions; 8 – the lever. Correctly made windy unit...
38. Honey bees are useful insects Perhaps you will not meet a village or a farm, wherever bees are kept. You look, near the house in a small garden in a row there are colorful hives, pieces 5-6, and even a...
39. Enemies and pests of bees Moth, or wax moth. This is the most intrusive pest of honeycombs, and sometimes the brood of bees. There are several types of moths. On our apiaries are seen two of its kind: larger and...
40. Feeding of a bee family Among animals, as well as among people, there are sophisticated gourmands. But people have ample opportunities to satisfy their whims, whereas in animals nature has more strictly defined to each species what it can eat...