Preservation of bees in greenhouses

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1. Reproduction of bee colonies Natural swarming of bees. In natural conditions, the increase in the number of families occurs by digestion. Swarming is a manifestation of the instinct of reproduction of a bee family. The swarming is as follows....
2. Hibernation of bees Properly organized bee hibernation is one of the most important tasks in beekeeping. A good winter is considered to be a wintering, in which not only there is no escape of bee colonies or corn...
3. Keeping the bees in working order In the bee families exhibited in January in the hothouse, a lot of broods appear in a week. To grow it you need honey, perga and water. In search of food, bees come into active...
4. Durability of life of bees in greenhouses It is considered that the microclimate of greenhouses has a negative effect on bees. In order to weaken the influence of the greenhouse microclimate on bees, special rooms for hives were set up, and casings...
5. Diseases of adult bees The most common diseases of adult bees are caused by parasites; most pathogens of these diseases have microscopic dimensions (for example, the causative agent of nosematosis), but there are also visible by a simple eye...
6. Digestion of pollen by bees Bees feed on pollen unevenly throughout life. In the early days. after leaving the cell, the bee eats a lot, which causes the midgut to increase greatly: the intestine volume from 6.7 mm3 increases to...
7. Soy flour replaces penguin For a long time already beekeepers noticed that in the absence of pollen in nature, bees willingly collect and carry flour in beehives (in the form of patches), visiting mills, barns, warehouses and other premises....
8. Work on an apiary at the end of a bribe and making nests for a winter Before the end of the honey collection, it is necessary to immediately begin to organize the hives and prevent the theft of bees, which can occur when the bribe breaks. Measures against the attack of...
9. Training bees The basis for the “training” of bees is the teaching of IP Pavlov on the influence of the food stimulus on the physiological reactions of animals, that is, on the creation of a corresponding conditioned...
10. Protection of bees from poisoning To obtain sustainable high yields of hothouse crops, pest and plant diseases are controlled using pesticides. Pesticides used in greenhouses are classified by action: – on contact – cause the death of insects when they...
11. Feeding bees with protein substances The natural, natural protein food for bees is pollen and perg. In greenhouses, bee colonies often lack protein food. In the literature there are many recipes for feeding bees to liquid and condensed honey –...
12. Feeding base of beekeeping and measures to expand and improve it For successful development and high productivity of beekeeping, as well as any branch of animal husbandry, a powerful and stable fodder base is necessary. The feeding base of beekeeping is honey plants of field crop...
13. How do bees talk to each other? The previous chapters talked about training, which allows you to get some data about the feelings of bees. The prerequisite for such experiments is that the bees we want to train come to our experimental...
14. Feeding of a bee family Among animals, as well as among people, there are sophisticated gourmands. But people have ample opportunities to satisfy their whims, whereas in animals nature has more strictly defined to each species what it can eat...
15. Feed preparation It is known that bees prepare their own food, the surpluses of which are used by man. In greenhouses there is a glut of bee pasture by bees. In addition, we are forcing bees already...
16. Internal structure of the bee’s body Muscles. The bee can produce a variety of movements: crawl, fly, bend the abdomen and sting, clean the antennae, perform various kinds of work – collect nectar and pollen, build honeycombs, etc. In addition, the...
17. Schemes of pollen catchers Receiving pollen from plants or pergs from honeycombs is a very laborious process. You can get the pollen already collected by bees, by selecting their updates from the tap when returning to the hive. Practical...
18. Accommodation of hives in a greenhouse As the long experience of using bees in greenhouses shows, it is very important to choose the right place for placing the hive. The best place to house a hive in a greenhouse of any...
19. Getting new families and forming cores with spare uteras The most common way to get new families is usually to build offsets. In this case, the family is formed by selecting from the one or more families 3 … 4 frames with young bees...
20. Main properties of honey The color of honey depends to the greatest extent on what plants honey comes from. Thus, honey from white acacia, linden, sweet clover, alfalfa and clover is light in color, from almost white to pale...
21. Transportation of bees The work begins with the development of a calendar plan for the use of bees for pollination of crops. Then they get acquainted with the basic methods of using bees on pollination of plants, taking...
22. Life of a bee family In order to properly and effectively manage the life and activities of bee colonies in order to increase their productivity and maximize the use of bees for pollinating many crops, the beekeeper must know not...
23. Beehive in greenhouses Not so long ago, hives of various designs were used in our country. Each experienced beekeeper considered it necessary to invent his hive design, often without taking into account the biological and physiological needs of...
24. Use of a bribe About the main bribe. The time when the largest number of honey-plants blooming, giving bees abundant prey to nectar, is called the main bribe. The duration and abundance of the bribe depends on many factors:...
25. Pollination by bees of tomatoes Significant areas in greenhouses are used for growing tomatoes. Less common are peppers, aubergines and other crops. Tomatoes, peppers and eggplants belong to the family of Solanaceae, come from hot tropical countries (tomatoes and peppers...
26. Use of bees for pollination of vegetable crops in greenhouses Familiarization with the organization of pollination by bees of cucumbers in greenhouses is best done in the form of an excursion to a large greenhouse farm. The most convenient time for visiting a farm in...
27. Collection of nectar and pollen Bees collect nectar and flower pollen from the flowers of plants. Nectar is distinguished by special glands of plants – nectaries. After processing with a bee, it becomes honey. Bees can collect other sweet substances....
28. Wintering of bees in the greenhouse Cleaning bees in the winter hut. Wintering bees is the most important period in the life of bees. From its outcome depends the state of the apiary and the further ability of the bees to...
29. Paralysis of bees Paralysis is an infectious disease of bee colonies, which causes the mass death of adult bees. The causative agent is a filtering virus that penetrates the filters of Seitz, Berkenfeld and Pasteur-Schamberlan. The persistence of...
30. The eyes of the bees and their ability to see If the reader ever had breakfast at a village in the air, there is honey, then probably the bees attracted by the honey smell were also on the table. In this case, you can always...
31. Bee Species Used in Greenhouses In our country the following species of bees have become most widespread: Central Russian, Ukrainian steppe, gray mountain Caucasian, yellow Caucasian and Carpathian and their varieties. In the greenhouses can work and preserve all the...
32. Sense of smell and taste in bees A person likes to talk about his “five senses,” although science has long established that, in addition to a sense of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch, there are also some other feelings that correspond...
33. Species and breeds of bees Biological science, creatively developed by scientists, teaches that the entire animal and plant world, all living nature consists of separate groups of animals and plants, called species. There are many similarities between close species, which...
34. Feeding bees Feeding bees is a big and laborious work. Therefore, the apiaries should take measures to provide bee colonies with fodder, at least 18 kg of honey in the honeycomb, for each bee family for the...
35. Enrichment of sugar syrup with protein and other substances When feeding bees turn sugar syrup into sugar honey. In the content of simple sugars, it is similar to honey. Bees usually have a good winter on it, but because of the extremely low content...
36. How to prepare pergu and pollen for feeding bees Use perga, folded into a honeycomb. To obtain pergi, beekeepers use the old honeycombs culled (in autumn and spring). With the autumn culling of honeycombs, you can select all the frames (only from healthy families)...
37. Size of the apiary in the greenhouse The number of bee colonies in the apiary is established on the basis of the maximum need of the economy for bee colonies for pollination of greenhouse crops. To do this, greenhouses in which cross-pollinated...
38. Top dressing of bees in the pavilion Among beekeepers there is a different opinion about the need for feeding bees to bees to replenish winter food reserves, and for the most rational concentration of sugar syrup. Some speak convincingly about the unacceptable...
39. Feed collected by bees Honey. Honey bees are produced from nectar collected from the flowers of plants. Nectar is an aqueous solution of complex and simple sugars. The sugar content of nectar depends on the type of plants, night...
40. Replanting and replacement of queens To bee families were strong, productive and less swarmed, on advanced apiaries it is customary to change up to half of the queens annually. They change not only the old queens, but also the queens...