The contents of the bees in the reserve apiary

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1. Reproduction of bee colonies Natural swarming of bees. In natural conditions, the increase in the number of families occurs by digestion. Swarming is a manifestation of the instinct of reproduction of a bee family. The swarming is as follows....
2. Feeding base of beekeeping and measures to expand and improve it For successful development and high productivity of beekeeping, as well as any branch of animal husbandry, a powerful and stable fodder base is necessary. The feeding base of beekeeping is honey plants of field crop...
3. Hibernation of bees Properly organized bee hibernation is one of the most important tasks in beekeeping. A good winter is considered to be a wintering, in which not only there is no escape of bee colonies or corn...
4. Keeping the bees in working order In the bee families exhibited in January in the hothouse, a lot of broods appear in a week. To grow it you need honey, perga and water. In search of food, bees come into active...
5. Diseases of adult bees The most common diseases of adult bees are caused by parasites; most pathogens of these diseases have microscopic dimensions (for example, the causative agent of nosematosis), but there are also visible by a simple eye...
6. Work on an apiary at the end of a bribe and making nests for a winter Before the end of the honey collection, it is necessary to immediately begin to organize the hives and prevent the theft of bees, which can occur when the bribe breaks. Measures against the attack of...
7. Durability of life of bees in greenhouses It is considered that the microclimate of greenhouses has a negative effect on bees. In order to weaken the influence of the greenhouse microclimate on bees, special rooms for hives were set up, and casings...
8. Transportation of bees The work begins with the development of a calendar plan for the use of bees for pollination of crops. Then they get acquainted with the basic methods of using bees on pollination of plants, taking...
9. Diseases of the brood The foulbrood. The term “foulbrood” refers to the infectious diseases of the brood of the bee family, accompanied by rotting in different stages of development. Diseases of all three bee colonies are affected, and the...
10. Main properties of honey The color of honey depends to the greatest extent on what plants honey comes from. Thus, honey from white acacia, linden, sweet clover, alfalfa and clover is light in color, from almost white to pale...
11. Protection of bees from poisoning To obtain sustainable high yields of hothouse crops, pest and plant diseases are controlled using pesticides. Pesticides used in greenhouses are classified by action: – on contact – cause the death of insects when they...
12. Transportation of bees for pollinating crops It has long been observed that the best yield of fruits or seeds of crops and the greatest honey harvest are when the apiary is on the area of ​​flowering crops or in the immediate...
13. How do bees talk to each other? The previous chapters talked about training, which allows you to get some data about the feelings of bees. The prerequisite for such experiments is that the bees we want to train come to our experimental...
14. The content of bees in hives-loungers Only strong bee colonies are biologically full and most productive in honey and wax. They are always ready to use any, even short-term bribes. Therefore, the methods of taking care of bees and their contents...
15. Life of a bee family In order to properly and effectively manage the life and activities of bee colonies in order to increase their productivity and maximize the use of bees for pollinating many crops, the beekeeper must know not...
16. Use of a bribe About the main bribe. The time when the largest number of honey-plants blooming, giving bees abundant prey to nectar, is called the main bribe. The duration and abundance of the bribe depends on many factors:...
17. Size of the apiary in the greenhouse The number of bee colonies in the apiary is established on the basis of the maximum need of the economy for bee colonies for pollination of greenhouse crops. To do this, greenhouses in which cross-pollinated...
18. Internal structure of the bee’s body Muscles. The bee can produce a variety of movements: crawl, fly, bend the abdomen and sting, clean the antennae, perform various kinds of work – collect nectar and pollen, build honeycombs, etc. In addition, the...
19. Accommodation of hives in a greenhouse As the long experience of using bees in greenhouses shows, it is very important to choose the right place for placing the hive. The best place to house a hive in a greenhouse of any...
20. Use of bees for pollination of vegetable crops in greenhouses Familiarization with the organization of pollination by bees of cucumbers in greenhouses is best done in the form of an excursion to a large greenhouse farm. The most convenient time for visiting a farm in...
21. Training bees The basis for the “training” of bees is the teaching of IP Pavlov on the influence of the food stimulus on the physiological reactions of animals, that is, on the creation of a corresponding conditioned...
22. Species and breeds of bees Biological science, creatively developed by scientists, teaches that the entire animal and plant world, all living nature consists of separate groups of animals and plants, called species. There are many similarities between close species, which...
23. Using the honey Collect a sufficient amount of honey and pollen can only strong, workable bee colonies. In many places, the basic replenishment of feed stocks of beekeepers is expected to be obtained from lime trees. In the...
24. The composition of the fodder balance of the apiary The work on the composition of the feed balance of apiaries is carried out in the following order: 1) take into account the species composition of the major honey plants, growing in the area of...
25. Sense of smell and taste in bees A person likes to talk about his “five senses,” although science has long established that, in addition to a sense of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch, there are also some other feelings that correspond...
26. The first spring works in the apiary Tasks of the spring care for bees. The life of all plants and animals is inseparably linked with the conditions of the external environment in which they live. The life and development of bee colonies...
27. Nervous system, sense organs and behavior of bees Every living organism exists in changing environmental conditions and is able to adapt to these conditions. The existence of an organism without its interaction with the external environment is impossible. A living organism is capable...
28. Theft and attack of bees In a time-free period, especially with a sudden cessation of honey collection, old bees, worried about the need to replenish fodder reserves, wind around the storehouse where they store food for them, and at the...
29. Special feeding of queen bees In the spring-summer period, supplementary fertilizers are used to replace natural maintenance honey, or to cause increased activity of bees, or to give bees medicinal substances. Addition of bees during the withdrawal of queens. It...
30. Expansion of nests The main task in the field of beekeeping throughout the spring period is to provide bee families with the best conditions for their fastest growing and development. In the system of measures that promote the...
31. Exhibition of bees in the spring from the winter hut The time of the spring exhibition of bees at will depends on their behavior and weather. In greenhouses, reserve bee colonies usually have extremely small stocks of Perga or do not have them at all....
32. Getting new families and forming cores with spare uteras The most common way to get new families is usually to build offsets. In this case, the family is formed by selecting from the one or more families 3 … 4 frames with young bees...
33. Wintering of bees in the greenhouse Cleaning bees in the winter hut. Wintering bees is the most important period in the life of bees. From its outcome depends the state of the apiary and the further ability of the bees to...
34. The eyes of the bees and their ability to see If the reader ever had breakfast at a village in the air, there is honey, then probably the bees attracted by the honey smell were also on the table. In this case, you can always...
35. Accounting for the condition and timing of the honey The state of honey collection in nature is taken into account by daily weighing the hive with bees (control family) standing on the scales. For weighing, take a hive with a strong bee family, which...
36. Need of a bee family in the stern When organizing a beekeeping farm, it is necessary to be able to calculate how many bee colonies can be kept under given specific conditions or what honeybase should be created for the required number of...
37. Honey food product The value of honey as a food and medicinal product. Honey is known as a food product for a very long time. Excellent taste qualities of honey are perfectly combined with its high nutritional content...
38. Wax Economic importance of wax The value of beeswax for the national economy is extremely large. Thanks to a number of valuable properties, beeswax is the most important raw material for the socialist industry, and is...
39. Replanting and replacement of queens To bee families were strong, productive and less swarmed, on advanced apiaries it is customary to change up to half of the queens annually. They change not only the old queens, but also the queens...
40. External structure of the bee’s body Outer cover. Bees, like all insects, do not have an internal bone skeleton, which in vertebrate animals represents the basis and support of the whole body. Instead of the internal skeleton, bees have a hard...