Double-casing content of bees
Along with the hives-lounges, two-hull beehives are now widely distributed. Methods and methods of keeping bees in such hives are usually called bicomponent contents.
With a bicomponent content of bee colonies, significantly more bees grow than in 12-14-frame hives; improve the working conditions of bees and queens; the area of honeycombs for folding the forage increases; Better is the detuning of the combs; Bees are more evenly loaded with work; there is no “stuffiness” and tightness in the nest. All this leads to the fact that bee colonies in double-horned beehives reach great strength, are in the so-called “working” (non-swarm) state and are better used by honey.
At present, many of the advanced beekeepers of our country who have previously worked with beehives of other systems pass to the double-casing content of bees.
In many apiaries of Ukraine, hives are more common now, but there are also a large number of 12-frame hives with insufficient volume for the development of strong families in them. These hives can and should, in the first place, be used for the two-body maintenance of bees. Alterations of them in this case is almost not required, you just need to make them the second case. In this case, you can successfully use the existing magazine add-ons, knocking them down two. In the preparation of the second housing, care must be taken to ensure that the distance between the upper frames of the frames of the lower housing and the lower bars of the frames of the upper housing be no more than 10 mm (preferably 8 mm).
Methods of breeding and keeping bee colonies in two-hull beehives are different. The most widely used method is the double-colony maintenance of bee colonies. It consists in the following. Since spring, the bee family develops in the lower housing. When such a family; will occupy well-hanging bees 11-12 frames and have
Thus, in the lower case there are 8-9 frames, and in the upper 5 frames. At the same time, ensure that the brood of the lower shell is in the same side of the hive as in the upper case. The streets of those frames of the lower case, against which there are no frames in the upper case, are laid on top by wooden lintels. Near the last frames of both buildings put pluggable boards, behind which are placed insulating cushions. The nest is also well insulated from above.
After 5-8 days, the nest is inspected and, in the future, expanded, if necessary, with a drying plant or artificial wax until the entire second body is filled with frames. The detachment of the artificial honeycomb and the building frames goes only in the second building. Then from the upper case to the lower one transfer the 3-4 frames missing there and then completely fill the frames and the second case. Thus, to the main summer bribe the family completely occupies all 24 frames in both buildings.
In practice, work on setting up buildings and further care for families is often modified somewhat, simplified.
The well-known beekeeper FP Pakshin, when setting up the second building, carries several frames with a printed brood from the lower shell, replacing them in the lower case with sushi. Thus, in one of the most valuable variants of doing this work, he transfers from the lower case three frameworks with a printed brood, on the sides of which he puts two covering frames with food, and in the presence of a bribe here, the second from the edge, He puts one frame with an artificial wax. In the middle of the nest of the lower shell FP Pakshin places three frames of good land, placing them alternately with frames that have brood.
The free part of the second housing socket is limited by the insert board and filled with insulating cushions. In the future, as the family grows and nectar comes in, the second building of the hive is completely filled with frames.
With this setting of the second housing, the uterus continues to remain in the lower housing for a while, where it has enough free cells, and passes into the upper housing after the appearance of a place for laying eggs there.
Some beekeepers work on setting up the second buildings even more easily, producing it as follows. As soon as the family develops into all the 12 frames, a second hull is put on the hive, into which 6 small-copper frames are placed, separated from the empty space by an insert board and, accordingly, the weather is insulated. If instead of small-framed frames put dry, then the latter is filled with liquid sugar syrup so that all the honey was in the hive 8-12 kg.
The presence of food in the second building accelerates the development of its bees and facilitates a more rapid transition to the second housing of the uterus for laying eggs. The number and location of the frames in the lower case do not change. In the future, as the family develops, the second building is completely filled with frames.
The uterus for some time intensively lays eggs in both buildings, and then, with the increase of a bribe, is forced out (honey) into the lower shell.
Many beekeepers combine the bicommunal content of bees with the method of application of assisting semen.
When the family completely occupies the entire nest of a 12-hive beehive, a nucleus consisting of 4-5 frames (of which 2-3 frames with a mature printed brood) is formed from it, and placed in the second housing, previously fenced off from the lower plywood board, serving, the bottom for the upper shell and the ceiling for the lower: The nucleus has a separate chimney. He is given a mature mother-in-law from among the well-prepared in the family, who breeds the queens. Such nucleus uses the warmth of the maternal family and, after fertilization, develops rapidly. Sometimes it is somewhat reinforced by the parent family of the lower case.
Usually such nucleus is further used as a family-helper to the main family: at the beginning of a bribe, families of both buildings are united, having previously selected the old uterus. Such families, having many bees and a young, fetal uterus, make good use of the basic bribe, which in this area happens in July with buckwheat. It should be taken into account that in all cases, the second corps must be put on time, not allowing families to move into a swarm state.
The removal of the second shells is usually performed at the end of the honey collection.
When comparing the productivity of bee colonies contained in double hulls and 20-frame hives, in the same apiary, it turns out that the families contained in the double hulls produce a little more output.
Some disadvantage of double hulls is that the beekeeper is more difficult to remove and put the upper hives; If necessary, inspect the socket in the lower housing. However, such an inspection, with proper organization of care for bees, is rare, and many beekeepers use certain devices to facilitate the removal and placement of heavy second shells with frames.
(1 votes, average: 5.00 out of 5)Double-casing content of bees